The Grammatical Function and its Relation to Meaning

Abstract

Grammar is currently a branch of linguistics, and it focuses on the function that words perform in the composition of verbal sentences and nominal sentences, as well as the associated topics and vocabulary in grammar books. The theory of Abdul-Qahir al-Jurjani is the "theory of system" which he built on the rules of grammar, and in which he states that the meanings of grammar and its rulings are what connect the words, compose them, and make some of them a cause of others in terms of agency or effectiveness or any other grammatical functions.some have noted that Arabic grammar is a grammar of functions, and that the inflectional marks are indicators and evidence of these functions, despite the fact that many grammatical functions share the same inflectional mark, especially the accusative cases. The grammatical function refers to the grammatical position that the word occupies due to its relationship with the other linguistic elements in the structure. It may be original or complementary, such as the adjective, the circumstantial accusative, the agency, the annexation, and others. Or it is what the connecting and associated words convey in terms of grammatical meanings, as they are the verb, the subject, the object, the circumstantial accusative, the specification, or the adjective, and so on, as detailed by grammarians in the well-known chapters of grammar. The old grammarians classified these words, whether connectors or associated, into three categories called (parts of speech): the noun, the verb, and the particle.The ranking (the original position) along with the inflectional mark of the word constitute a main basis on which the determination of the grammatical function is based.This research has defined the scope of its study of the grammatical function and the extent of its connection to meaning.